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Tuesday, February 19, 2013

Hosts file in linux and windows

The hosts file is a computer file used by an operating system to map hostnames to IP addresses. The hosts file is a plain text file, and is conventionally named hosts.

The hosts file is one of several system facilities that assists in addressing network nodes in a computer network. It is a common part of an operating system's Internet Protocol (IP) implementation, and serves the function of translating human-friendly hostnames into numeric protocol addresses, called IP addresses, that identify and locate a host in an IP network.

In some operating systems, the hosts file's content is used preferentially to other methods, such as the Domain Name System (DNS), but many systems implement name service switches (e.g., nsswitch.conf for Linux and Unix) to provide customization. Unlike the DNS, the hosts file is under the direct control of the local computer's administrator

 
















































































































Operating SystemVersion(s)Location
Unix, Unix-like, POSIX/etc/hosts[2]
Microsoft Windows3.1%WinDir%\HOSTS
95, 98/98SE, Me%WinDir%\hosts[3]
NT, 2000, XP (x86 & x64),[4] 2003, Vista, 7 and 8%SystemRoot%\system32\drivers\etc\hosts [5]
Windows MobileRegistry key under HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Comm\Tcpip\Hosts
Apple Macintosh9 and earlier
Mac OS X 10.0 – 10.1.5 [6](Added through NetInfo or niload)
Mac OS X 10.2 and newer/etc/hosts (a symbolic link to /private/etc/hosts)[6]
Novell NetWareSYS:etc\hosts
OS/2 & eComStation"bootdrive":\mptn\etc\
SymbianSymbian OS 6.1–9.0C:\system\data\hosts
Symbian OS 9.1+C:\private\10000882\hosts
MorphOSNetStackENVARC:sys/net/hosts
AmigaOS4DEVS:Internet/hosts
Android/etc/hosts (a symbolic link to /system/etc/hosts)
iOSiOS 2.0 and newer/etc/hosts (a symbolic link to /private/etc/hosts)
TOPS-20
Plan 9/lib/ndb/hosts
BeOS/boot/beos/etc/hosts[7]
Haiku/boot/common/settings/network/hosts[7]
OpenVMSUCXUCX$HOST
TCPwareTCPIP$HOST

 

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